National Institute of Standards and Technology is an agency of the United States Department of Commerce. The institute, often called NIST, develops measurement standards and techniques for American science and industry and for other government agencies. NIST also helps U.S. companies adopt new technologies to increase their international competitiveness.
The institute works to maintain, improve, and apply fundamental systems of measurement, including those of length, time, and mass. It compares and coordinates its measurement standards with those of other countries by working with international agencies. Although the institute has no regulatory authority, it helps private organizations promote the establishment of voluntary standards for commerce and industry.
NIST provides research and technical services in such areas as computer science and technology, materials science, building and fire safety, electronics, and automated manufacturing. Published information on the agency’s research can be obtained from the National Technical Information Service of the Department of Commerce.
NIST was established as the National Bureau of Standards in 1901 and became part of the Department of Commerce in 1903. The agency received its present name in 1988.
