Ganzouri, Kamal el- (1933-…), served as prime minister of Egypt from December 2011 to July 2012. Egypt’s ruling military council—which came to power after the February 2011 resignation of President Hosni Mubarak —appointed Ganzouri to the position. Ganzouri replaced Prime Minister Essam Sharaf, who stepped down amid continuing antigovernment protests and violence. Ganzouri had previously served as prime minister from 1996 to 1999.
Ganzouri was born on Jan. 12, 1933, in northern Egypt’s Minufiyah governorate (political unit). In 1967, he received a Ph.D. degree in economics from Michigan State University in the United States. Soon after returning to Egypt, Ganzouri became a professor at the Institute of National Planning in Cairo. He then served as an economic adviser to President Anwar el-Sadat , who ruled Egypt from 1970 to 1981. In 1976 and 1977, Ganzouri served as governor of Egypt’s Al-Wadi al-Jadid and Bani Suwayf governorates. He then became director of the Institute of National Planning.
After Mubarak took power in 1981, Ganzouri served as minister of planning and then minister of international cooperation. He served as deputy prime minister from 1985 to 1996, before his first term as prime minister.
