Hemorrhoids, << HEHM uh roydz, >> are enlargements of the veins of the rectum. This condition is often called piles. There are two sets of veins in the rectum. The internal veins line the lower rectum and extend upward. The external veins lie beneath the skin at the anus (rectal opening). When any of these veins dilate (enlarge), they become hemorrhoids.
Many people seem to inherit a tendency toward developing hemorrhoids. However, any condition that causes prolonged or repeated increases in the blood pressure in the rectal veins may contribute to the development of hemorrhoids. Such conditions include constipation, pregnancy, and long periods of standing.
Hemorrhoids of the external veins usually cause little discomfort unless a blood clot forms in the affected vein and results in inflammation. Hemorrhoids of the internal veins may bleed or descend through the anus as a result of bowel movements. Such hemorrhoids may cause pain or itching. Mild cases can be treated with medicated ointments or suppositories (inserted capsules), or by soaking in warm water. If the victim repeatedly suffers painful attacks or bleeding, a physician may remove the hemorrhoids surgically.
