Acetone, << AS uh tohn, >> is an important industrial chemical. Its chief use is in making other compounds. Industry prepares acetone commercially from isopropyl alcohol, using brass or copper catalysts. Corn and other starchy products are also sources of acetone. To obtain the acetone, these materials are fermented by special bacteria and then distilled.
Acetone also forms in the body of a diabetic person. Its presence in urine is one symptom of the disease.
Acetone dissolves many substances, including gums, oils, resins, fats, and cellulose. Industry uses acetone in paints, varnish removers, and some polishes and lacquers. Nail polish and nail polish removers also contain a large percentage of acetone. Because it can dissolve cellulose, acetone plays an important part in the production of certain kinds of rayon materials.
Without acetone, acetylene gas could not be safely used in industry. By itself, the compressed gas often explodes. But it can be safely stored in containers filled with a porous material that has been soaked in acetone. The acetone dissolves acetylene under pressure, and releases it as needed when the container is opened.
Acetone is a clear, colorless, flammable liquid with a fruity odor. It is the first member of the ketone series of organic compounds. Acetone mixes easily with water. Its chemical formula is CH3COCH3, and it boils at 56.2 °C (133.2 °F).
See also Acetylene .
