Anaphylactic, << an uh fu LAK tihk, >> shock, also called anaphylaxis, is a rare, life-threatening allergic reaction that affects the whole body. The reaction develops rapidly after two or more exposures to an allergen (substance that causes an allergy). The allergens that cause most anaphylactic reactions include bee and wasp venom, antibiotics, latex rubber, and such foods as eggs, nuts, and shellfish.
Symptoms of anaphylactic shock include skin rashes, wheezing, chest tightness, and nausea. The blood pressure drops, and the person may collapse. Without immediate medical attention, death may occur. Doctors treat anaphylactic shock with epinephrine or certain other drugs and oxygen to help restore normal blood pressure and breathing.
Usually, the speed of an anaphylactic reaction makes the allergen that caused the attack obvious. If there is any doubt, blood and skin tests can help people identify and avoid the allergen. People also should wear a medical bracelet identifying the allergen and carry an emergency epinephrine injection for use should another attack occur.
