Ataxia, << uh TAK see uh, >> is a lack of coordination in the muscles. It is a symptom of damage to part of the central nervous system. Ataxia involves a lack of balance, or equilibrium. Patients must stand on a broad base, eyes open, or they will sway or even fall. The swaying may increase if they shut their eyes. Ataxia is often mistaken for Parkinson disease (see Parkinson disease ).
Many diseases that damage the central nervous system may cause ataxia. They include tumors of the brain’s cerebrum and cerebellum, some deficiency diseases, and diseases of the spinal cord. Ataxia may also result from overuse of such drugs as barbiturates or alcohol. In addition, ataxia may be due to syphilis, especially if the patient’s unsteadiness occurs or increases when the eyes are closed (see Syphilis ).
Most forms of ataxia cannot be treated with medication. Physical therapy may help people with ataxia strengthen muscles and improve coordination.
