Conjunctivitis, << kuhn `juhngk` tuh VY tihs, >> is an inflammation of the membrane that covers the white part of the eyeball and the inner lining of the eyelid. This membrane is called the conjunctiva. Conjunctivitis may be caused by infections of bacteria, viruses, or other microorganisms. It also may result from allergies or chemical burns. Most types of conjunctivitis caused by infection are contagious.
Symptoms of conjunctivitis include burning, itching, watering and redness of the eye, and the sensation that an object is lodged on the eyeball. In addition, pus may form and the eyelids may stick together.
Acute conjunctivitis, or pinkeye, is often caused by bacteria. In most cases, doctors can cure bacterial conjunctivitis within a few days by applying antibiotics. Most cases of viral conjunctivitis usually do not respond to drugs, but many types rapidly clear up by themselves. However, some types of viral conjunctivitis may last a long time and infect the cornea, the clear tissue at the front of the eye. When this occurs, the person’s vision may decrease. Allergic conjunctivitis is frequently associated with hay fever. Cold compresses and medicated eyedrops help relieve the symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis. Conjunctivitis caused by exposure to chemicals can result in serious eye damage. In many cases, such damage can be minimized by immediately flushing the eye with water.
