Ergonomics, << ur guh NOM ihks, >> is the science of designing machines, objects, and environments to match the physical and psychological needs of human beings. One example of ergonomic design is a type of computer keyboard that features special shaping and support to prevent strain on hands and wrists. Such strain can lead to muscle or nerve damage when people spend long hours typing. The most widespread use of ergonomics is in workplaces. Many ergonomic products are also used in homes. Ergonomics is also known by the terms human factors engineering and human engineering.
The science of ergonomics developed from studies conducted during the the early 1900’s. At that time, engineers discovered that the efficiency of a machine often depends on the mood and comfort of the person operating it. At the same time, sociologists, psychologists, and other social scientists studied human behavior to learn how psychological factors affect production. Today, scientists and designers use ergonomic principles to create workplaces and equipment that are safe, comfortable, and satisfying for people.
