Fainting is a temporary loss of consciousness. A fainting person becomes pale, begins to perspire, and then loses consciousness and collapses. The person also has a weak pulse and breathes irregularly. Fainting usually lasts only a few minutes. As the person regains consciousness, the muscles become firm, the pulse becomes stronger, and breathing becomes regular.
Fainting occurs when there is an insufficient supply of blood to the brain for a short period of time. This condition results from a dilation (widening) of blood vessels in the body followed by a drop in heart rate and blood pressure. It is often triggered by emotional shock. Other common causes of fainting include overexertion, standing for long periods, and certain medical conditions, such as heart disease.
A person who has fainted should be placed flat on the back. Raise the legs slightly if the person shows no signs of injury. Get medical assistance in all cases of fainting. A person who feels weak or dizzy may avoid fainting by lying down or sitting with the head level with the knees.
See also First aid (Fainting).
