Phlebitis, << flih BY tihs, >> is an inflammation of a vein. Phlebitis can develop in any part of the body, but it most commonly occurs in the legs. The condition usually produces tenderness, swelling, redness, and pain in the area of the vein. It may lead to thrombophlebitis–that is, the formation of a blood clot along the lining of the inflamed vein. Serious problems can result if the blood clot breaks loose and travels through the bloodstream. The clot may become stuck and create an embolism (blockage of a blood vessel). An embolism that occurs in the heart or lungs can be fatal (see Embolism ).
Most cases of phlebitis are caused by an injury or by an infection of a vein. Phlebitis also may result from poor circulation in the veins due to prolonged bed rest, pregnancy, obesity (excess body fat), or heart failure.
In treating phlebitis of the legs, physicians advise elevation of the affected limb to reduce inflammation. The patient should wear an elastic support stocking when walking. In severe cases of phlebitis, bed rest is required to prevent clots from breaking loose. Drugs called anticoagulants may be prescribed to thin the patient’s blood and prevent clotting. In some cases, surgery may be necessary.
