Protea, << PROH tee uh, >> is the name for a group of evergreen shrubs and small trees native to Africa. They grow to a height of 3 to 10 feet (0.9 to 3 meters). Proteas bear large flowers that may vary widely in size, shape, and color, depending on the species. The flower heads are surrounded by many overlapping bracts (leaflike structures) that may be white, pink, or red. Proteas are named after Proteus, a Greek sea god who could assume many forms.
Only a few kinds of proteas are cultivated. Probably the most common is the giant protea, also called king protea. This plant has flower heads that measure as much as 8 inches (20 centimeters) wide. Cultivated proteas grow best in climates with dry summers and mild, wet winters. In parts of California, they are grown commercially for their flowers. They are useful as ornamental plants.
Proteas require well-drained, slightly acid soil. They are started by planting seeds in the fall. Proteas tend to develop fungal diseases during their first year of growth unless treated with a fungicide.
