Zoning is a procedure that controls the use of land. Local legislative bodies pass laws that divide a town, city, or county into zones for commercial, industrial, residential, or other types of development. These laws generally limit building and lot dimensions in each zone. Many regulations require certain building features and limit the number and location of parking and loading areas and the use of signs. Other regulations provide space for schools, parks, or other public facilities.
Zoning helps city planners bring about orderly growth and change. It controls population density and helps create attractive, healthful residential areas. In addition, zoning helps assure property owners and residents that the characteristics of nearby areas will remain stable.
People have regulated land use since ancient times. Zoning became increasingly important as population and industry grew in urban areas. In 1916, New York City enacted the first major zoning ordinance in the United States. Today, many cities around the world have zoning regulations.
