Osteology, << `os` tee OL uh jee >> is the science concerned with the structure and function of bones. Osteologists study the bones of human beings and animals. They can determine the sizes and living habits of prehistoric animals from bones. They also can tell the age, sex, height, and weight of the person or animal from which the bones came. Osteology also includes the study of bone disorders and diseases. See also Bone .