Swedenborg, << SWEE duhn `bawrg` or SVAY duhn `bawr` yuh, >> Emanuel (1688-1772), was a Swedish scientist, inventor, and mystical religious leader. He became an authority on mathematics, astronomy, metallurgy, anatomy, and geology, and was named a member of the Swedish State Council of Mines. He is credited with a number of inventions, and drew plans for a submarine, an airship, and a magazine-type gun, all forerunners of those of today.
Swedenborg, son of a bishop and nobleman, was born in Stockholm. He turned to religion in middle age, although he retained his scientific interests. He wrote a number of books setting forth what he called his “heavenly doctrines.” He claimed that they were based on Bible teachings that had been interpreted to him through direct communication with the spiritual world. His views brought him much criticism.
Swedenborg did not intend to found a separate religious body, but, soon after his death in London, some of his followers began to form churches founded on his views. They became known as the Church of the New Jerusalem.
