Kapitsa, Pyotr, << KA pyih tsuh, PYAW tuhr >> (1894-1984), a Soviet physicist, became well known for his work in low-temperature physics and in magnetism. From 1924 to 1934, Kapitsa worked on magnetism at the Cavendish Laboratory and as director of the Royal Society Mond Laboratory, both in Cambridge, England. In 1934, he visited the Soviet Union. He was not allowed to return to England. He became director of the Institute for Physical Problems of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union and won the 1978 Nobel Prize for physics. He was born in Kronshtadt, Russia.
