Tughluq, Muhammad bin (1290-1351), was the second sultan of the Tughluq dynasty. The dynasty ruled briefly over most of the Indian subcontinent.
Tughluq was born in Delhi. He displayed great intelligence as a child and showed early promise of being a warrior. He grew up to be a cultured, tolerant visionary, but was also capable of great cruelty.
Tughluq made radical attempts to establish an Islamic state within secure borders. In 1327, he moved the capital and many of its inhabitants from Delhi to Deogir (now Daulatabad), about 620 miles (1,000 kilometers) to the south. He hoped this move would strengthen his hold on newly conquered territories. But the experiment was not successful. His attempt to introduce tokens instead of money also failed. He sent unsuccessful expeditions against Khorasan in Iran, and against the Chinese-dominated northern hill states. But he improved agriculture by means of irrigation and crop rotation. In 1351, Tughluq was killed suppressing a rebellion in Sindh.
