Balsam is the name of several spicy-smelling resins obtained from certain evergreen trees and a number of other plants. Canada balsam, for example, is extracted from blisters on the bark of balsam fir trees. It is used in making medicines, ointments, and varnishes. Balsam of Tolu, a reddish-brown substance, is obtained from a South American tree, Myroxylon toluiferum. It is used as an antiseptic and as an ingredient of throat medicines and chewing gum. A Central and South American tree, M. pereirae, is the source of balsam of Peru. Balsam of Tolu and balsam of Peru are known as true balsams. A true balsam contains benzoic or cinnamic acid.
