Postpartum depression, also called PPD, is a mental disorder that can affect women following the birth of a child (postpartum). PPD usually begins within four weeks after giving birth. Many women experience postpartum blues or baby blues. Postpartum blues can include crying episodes and mood changes, but differs from PPD. The blues usually pass within a few weeks and do not require treatment. Women suffering from PPD experience more severe and lasting symptoms, such as a general feeling of sadness, difficulty sleeping or concentrating, loss of appetite, and feelings of worthlessness. Thoughts of suicide or death may also occur.
Some new mothers experience a more serious condition called postpartum psychosis. These women may hallucinate (see, hear, or feel things that do not exist), or they may have delusions (false beliefs about reality) or strong and sudden changes in mood. In some women, the hallucinations and delusions involve images of killing or harming their baby or themselves.
Medical experts think many factors lead to the development of PPD. These include genetic factors, changes in hormone levels, stress, and a lack of support for the new mother. PPD is treated with antidepressant medication, psychotherapy, or a combination of both. Severe cases may require hospitalization.
