Snakehead is any of a group of tropical freshwater fish with snakelike heads. Snakeheads are native to eastern Asia and to Africa. But some have invaded other regions of the world, where they have become serious pests. The northern snakehead, for example, now inhabits several areas of the United States, threatening many species of native fishes. Most snakeheads eat large quantities of fish, as well as small amphibians, birds, mammals, and reptiles.
Snakeheads vary in size, but some can grow to a length of 47 inches (120 centimeters) or more. They have elongated bodies with long dorsal (back) and anal (underside) fins. They also have sharp, curved teeth and excellent leaping ability. Snakeheads can swallow animals nearly as large as themselves. Special air-breathing organs enable them to live out of water for several days. On land, they slither along the ground, propelled by their tail and supported by their pectoral (shoulder) fins. Adult females lay thousands of eggs each year. Both sexes protect the young.
People in Asia and other parts of the world consider snakeheads a delicacy. Some of the more colorful species have become popular in aquariums. However, many U.S. states now restrict the importation and sale of live snakeheads as either food or pets.
