King penguin is a large penguin, second only to the emperor penguin in size. The king penguin typically reaches about 2 3/4 feet (85 centimeters) tall. By comparison, the emperor penguin usually reaches about 3 feet (90 centimeters) tall.
The king penguin is bluish-black on its back and flippers, with a pale underside. The head is black except for bright orange-yellow ear patches. The upper chest also has an intense golden color. The weight of adults varies during the year from about 22 to 35 pounds (10 to 16 kilograms). Like other penguins, the king penguin does not fly. Instead, it swims by beating its flippers.
King penguins live on islands throughout the Southern Ocean. They live together in large communities called colonies. In the winter, king penguins swim toward the Antarctic pack ice to feed. They can travel hundreds of miles or kilometers in search of food.
The king penguin feeds on small fish and squid. It especially prefers lanternfish. It dives to depths of 400 to 800 feet (120 to 240 meters) to find food. Scientists have observed dives as deep as nearly 1,000 feet (300 meters).
King penguins are hunted by killer whales and leopard seals. These animals patrol the edge of the colonies. They catch penguins going out to sea. In addition, skuas eat king penguin eggs. Giant petrels can eat chicks.
The king penguin lays only one egg. It carries this egg on its feet, tucking it under the belly for warmth. Chicks hatch after about 55 days. King penguins can live for more than 30 years.
